An **algorithm** is a step-by-step set of instructions designed to solve a problem or perform a computation. It serves as the foundation for computer programs, data processing, and automated decision-making. **Key Characteristics** 1. **Precision** - Must have clear, unambiguous steps.2. **Finiteness** - Must terminate after a finite number of steps. 3. **Input & Output** - Takes inputs, processes them, and produces outputs. 4. **Effectiveness** - Should be feasible with available resources. #**