To create an HTTP server in Java, you can follow these steps:

1. Using HttpServer Class:
   • Create an instance of `HttpServer`.
   • Create a context and set a handler to process requests.
   • Start the server to listen for incoming requests.
2. Using ServerSocket Class:
   • Create a `ServerSocket` instance to listen on a specific port.
   • Accept incoming connections and handle GET requests.
   • Send responses back to the client.
3. Basic Steps:
   • Construct the server object.
   • Attach HTTP handler objects to process GET/POST requests.
   • Implement the handler to generate responses.
   • Start the server.

These methods provide a foundational understanding of setting up an HTTP server in Java. For detailed code examples, you can refer to the respective articles.

Apache Tomcat, often referred to simply as Tomcat, is a Java web application server that implements the Java Servlet, JavaServer Pages (JSP), and other Java-based web technologies. It provides a "pure Java" HTTP web server environment where Java code can run, making it a popular choice for developers looking to deploy Java applications on the web.

• Open Source: Tomcat is free to use and is developed under the Apache License 2.0, allowing developers to modify and distribute it as needed.
• Servlet Container: It acts as a servlet container, managing the lifecycle of servlets and handling requests and responses between clients and the server.
• Modular Architecture: Tomcat's architecture includes several core components, such as:
  • Catalina: The servlet container that processes incoming requests and manages servlets.
  • Coyote: The HTTP connector that handles HTTP requests and responses, allowing Tomcat to serve as a web server.
  • Jasper: The JSP engine that compiles JSP files into servlets, enabling dynamic content generation.

When a client (like a web browser) sends an HTTP request to the Tomcat server, the request is processed by the Coyote connector, which forwards it to the Catalina servlet container. Catalina then determines which servlet should handle the request, executes it, and sends the response back to the client through the connector.

Tomcat is widely used for hosting Java web applications due to its reliability, scalability, and strong performance in handling dynamic web content. It is suitable for both small-scale applications and large enterprise solutions, making it a versatile choice for developers.In summary, Tomcat serves as a robust platform for running Java applications, providing essential features for web development and deployment while being supported by a strong community of developers.