Basic Components Needed

1. Arduino Board: Such as Arduino Uno or Nano.
2. LEDs or Light Bulbs: The light source you want to control.
3. Relay Module: Essential for controlling high-voltage devices like light bulbs.
4. Jumper Wires: For making connections between components.
5. Breadboard: Optional, for organizing connections.
6. Resistors: Typically 220 ohms for LEDs.
7. Power Source: USB cable for Arduino or a battery pack.

Basic LED Control

1. Wiring the LED:

• Place the LED on the breadboard. Connect the longer leg (anode) to a digital pin on the Arduino (e.g., pin 13) through a resistor.
• Connect the shorter leg (cathode) to the GND pin on the Arduino.

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2. Arduino Code:

• Open the Arduino IDE and write the following code to turn the LED on and off:

void setup() {
pinMode(13, OUTPUT); // Set pin 13 as an output
}
void loop() {
digitalWrite(13, HIGH); // Turn the LED on
delay(1000);            // Wait for 1 second
digitalWrite(13, LOW);  // Turn the LED off
delay(1000);            // Wait for 1 second
}

• Upload the code to your Arduino.

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Controlling High-Voltage Lights

1. Using a Relay:

• Connect the relay module to the Arduino. The relay allows you to control high-voltage lights safely.
• Connect the light bulb to the relay according to the relay's specifications.

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2. Relay Code Example:

const int relayPin = 7; // Pin connected to the relay
void setup() {
pinMode(relayPin, OUTPUT); // Set relay pin as output
}
void loop() {
digitalWrite(relayPin, HIGH); // Turn the light on
delay(1000);                  // Wait for 1 second
digitalWrite(relayPin, LOW);  // Turn the light off
delay(1000);                  // Wait for 1 second
}

Advanced Control with Sensors

• You can enhance your project by integrating sensors (like light or motion sensors) to automate the lighting based on environmental conditions. For example, using a light sensor to turn on lights when it gets dark.

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Conclusion