1. Sequential Execution:
   • This is the default mode of execution where statements are executed one after another in the order they appear in the code. For example, if you have a series of print statements, they will execute in the order they are written.
2. Conditional Statements:
   • These allow the program to execute certain blocks of code based on specific conditions. The primary keywords used are `if`, `elif`, and `else`. For example:```pythonage = 20if age >= 18:print("You are an adult.")else:print("You are a minor.")```
   • This structure enables the program to make decisions and execute different paths based on the conditions evaluated.
3. Loops:
   • Loops are used to repeat a block of code multiple times. Python provides two main types of loops:
     • For Loop: Iterates over a sequence (like a list or string). For example:```pythonfor i in range(5):print(i)```
     • While Loop: Repeats as long as a specified condition is true. For example:```pythoncount = 0while count < 5:print(count)count += 1```
   • Additionally, control statements like `break` (to exit a loop) and `continue` (to skip the current iteration) can be used within loops.
4. Exception Handling:
   • Python uses `try` and `except` blocks to handle exceptions, allowing the program to continue running even when an error occurs. For example:```pythontry:result = 10 / 0except ZeroDivisionError:print("You can't divide by zero!")```
   • This structure enhances the robustness of the code by managing errors gracefully.
5. Structural Pattern Matching (Python 3.10 and later):
   • This is a new feature that allows for more complex conditional logic using the `match` statement, similar to switch-case statements in other languages. For example:```pythonmatch command:case "start":start()case "stop":stop()case _:print("Unknown command")```

Control structures are fundamental in programming as they allow developers to create dynamic and responsive applications. They enable the implementation of complex logic, making it possible to handle various scenarios and user inputs effectively. Mastering these constructs is crucial for writing efficient, readable, and maintainable Python code.By understanding and utilizing control structures, you can significantly enhance the functionality and flexibility of your Python programs.