### Philosophy of the guideline ### Assessing patients Figure 1 Chart 1: Oxygen prescription for acutely hypoxaemic patients in hospital. ABG, arterial blood gas; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary ...

The clinical presentation of Aspergillus lung disease is determined by the interaction between fungus and host. Invasive aspergillosis develops in severely immunocompromised patients, including those ...

Introduction Airway epithelial cells are recognised as an essential controller for the initiation and perpetuation of asthmatic inflammation, yet the detailed mechanisms remain largely unknown. This ...

Background: A trial of corticosteroids has been recommended for all patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), with the subsequent “response” determining the treatment selected. This ...

Background Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) are known to increase the risk of pneumonia in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It is unclear whether the risk of pneumonia varies ...

Rationale Health status is impaired in patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD). There is a paucity of tools that assess health status in ILD. The objective of this study was to develop and ...

Background: Host- and pathogen-related factors associated with septic shock in pneumococcal pneumonia are not well defined. The aim of this study was to identify risk factors for septic shock and to ...

Aminoglycoside antibiotics are a central component of the treatment of pulmonary exacerbations of cystic fibrosis (CF) and slow the decline in lung function which ultimately causes the death of most ...

Purpose Long-term outcomes of critical illness may be affected by duration of critical illness and intensive care. We aimed to investigate differences in mortality and morbidity after short (<8 days) ...

Objective: To investigate the validity of spirometric tests performed in general practice. Method: A repeated within subject comparison of spirometric tests with a “gold standard” (spirometric tests ...

Non-invasive ventilation (NIV) is recognised as an effective treatment for chronic hypercapnic respiratory failure. Monitoring NIV during sleep may be preferable to daytime assessment. This paper ...

Target audience for the guideline The guideline will be of interest to UK based clinicians caring for adults with pleural disease, including chest physicians, respiratory trainees, specialist ...