Background: Little has been published on gratification disorder (“infantile masturbation”) in early childhood. Aims: To expand on the profile of patients diagnosed with this condition. Methods: ...

The hierarchy of evidence in assessing the effectiveness of interventions or treatments is explained, and the gold standard for evaluating the effectiveness of interventions, the randomised controlled ...

A healthy, thriving 6-month-old girl presented with a peculiar patterning of ‘V’-shaped ridges found in all her fingernails excluding the thumbs (figure 1). Toenails were unaffected and examination of ...

Many additives, some of which have no nutritional value, can be legally used in processed foods. They intensify colour, thicken, increase shelf life and enhance flavour. Regulatory authorities issue ...

The presentation of a neonate with poor feeding and respiratory distress is a common paediatric scenario. While acute myocarditis is an uncommon cause of this presentation, rapid recognition and ...

SMA is a motor neuron disease characterised by generalised muscle atrophy and weakness. It is caused by the dysfunction and eventual death of motor neurons, due to deletions of SMN1 in 95% of patients ...

Objective According to international guidelines, children with enuresis are recommended urotherapy, or basic bladder advice, before treatment with evidence-based alternatives such as the enuresis ...

Paediatric early warning systems (PEWS) to reduce in-hospital mortality have been a laudable endeavour. Evaluation of their impact has rarely examined the internal validity of the components of PEWS ...

There are at least 12 paintings from the late 17th to the early 20th centuries titled, ‘The Sick Child’. They were painted by well-known and obscure artists from Holland, Norway, France, England, ...

Graves’ disease is a rare disorder that continues to present clinicians and families with a series of challenges. There are no new established treatments for children or adolescents, but the outcomes ...

Neisseria meningitidis is remarkable for the diversity of interactions that the bacterium has with the human host, ranging from asymptomatic nasopharyngeal colonisation affecting virtually all members ...

Background Maternal nutrition in preconception and early pregnancy influences fetal growth. Evidence for effects of prenatal maternal nutrition on early child development (ECD) in low-income and ...