Copyright: © 2025 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. We quantified the pharmaceutical greenhouse gas footprint across 77 regions from 1995 to 2019 using ...

Data envelopment analysis (DEA) assumes that inputs and outputs are measured on scales in which larger numerical values correspond to greater consumption of inputs and greater production of outputs.

Regional input–output analysis and modeling constitutes a vital framework for analysing the complex economic interrelationships between sectors and geographical areas. By utilising matrices that ...

This is an analytical paper generalizing the standard input-output (IO) model on the one hand and the equally standard method of solving the model by means of power series expansion, on the other. The ...

Abstract: The operation of Industrial Ecosystem (IES) should benefit both profitable and environmental objectives. There should be some quantitative relationships between the two objectives among ...

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