Osborne (1975) introduces a modified Prony algorithm for fitting sum of exponential to the real data sets. Smyth (1985) and Osborne and Smyth (1990) investigate the stability of the algorithm. They ...

In the two-echelon capacitated vehicle routing problem (2E-CVRP), the delivery to customers from a depot uses intermediate depots, called satellites. The 2E-CVRP involves two levels of routing ...