The purpose of this paper is to examine whether the efficiency structure hypothesis holds true for major Japanese commercial banks. The efficiency structure hypothesis, developed by Demesetz (1973), ...

Covariate-adaptive designs are often implemented to balance important covariates in clinical trials. However, the theoretical properties of conventional testing hypotheses are usually unknown under ...

The empirical association between income inequality, population health, and other social problems is now well established, and the research literature suggests that the relationship is not artefactual ...