Ordering words to create a variety of meanings (syntax) is a key aspect of human language. Although other animals have language, none so far have been shown to have syntax -- until now. Here, ...

The study of language semantics and syntax explores the intricate relationship between meaning and grammatical structure. Contemporary research has increasingly focused on how semantic content is ...

However, when the call ordering is artificially reversed (D-ABC), birds do not respond. 'This study demonstrates that syntax is not unique to human language, but also evolved independently in birds.