In this installment, the author describes the various techniques used for memory management in an embedded OS. Adapted from “Embedded Systems Architecture, 2nd Edition” by Tammy Noergaard (Newnes) 9.3 ...

The heap grows up from a lower memory address to a higher memory address. Stack—whenever a program makes a function call, the current function's state needs to be saved onto the stack. The stack grows ...

Stack and heap memory must be allocated statically by the programmer but calculating the space required is notoriously difficult for all but the smallest embedded systems.

Terms like buffer overflow, race condition, page fault, null pointer, stack exhaustion, heap exhaustion/corruption, use after free, or double free --all describe memory safety vulnerabilities.