Scientists have developed an artificial neural network out of DNA that can recognize highly complex and noisy molecular information.

Because it can be difficult even for humans to recognize others' sloppy handwriting, identifying handwritten numbers is a common test for programming intelligence into artificial neural networks.

The project began with a proof of concept: running a convolutional neural network (CNN) on the calculator’s limited hardware, a TI-84 Plus CE with only 256 KB of memory and a 48 MHz processor.

[2] Handwritten Arabic Character Recognition for Children Writing Using Convolutional Neural Network and Stroke Identification. Human-Centric Intelligent Systems (2023).