I'd like to know that a NULL is going to be inserted into a non-nullable field on one row via RAISEERROR, skip that row's update, and then allow the SQL statement to continue.

You can't use wildcards in statements like you want. The easiest way for you to do what you want is to just grant the user the db_datareader role and make sure they're not part of a group with the ...

However, rather than replacing SQL, these databases added their own SQL-like languages that replicated some of the methods and approaches that SQL has ingrained into how developers work.