Stochastic differential equations (SDEs) and random processes form a central framework for modelling systems influenced by inherent uncertainties. These mathematical constructs are used to rigorously ...

Abstract: In this chapter, we introduce the concept of a random variable and develop the procedures for characterizing random variables, including the cumulative distribution function, as well as the ...

Branching processes in random environments constitute a significant class of stochastic models designed to capture the interplay between intrinsic reproductive dynamics and extrinsic environmental ...

CATALOG DESCRIPTION: Fundamentals of random variables; mean-squared estimation; limit theorems and convergence; definition of random processes; autocorrelation and stationarity; Gaussian and Poisson ...

CATALOG DESCRIPTION: Advanced topics in random processes: point processes, Wiener processes; Markov processes, spectral representation, series expansion of random processes, linear filtering, Wiener ...

Journal of Applied Probability and Advances in Applied Probability have for four decades provided a forum for original research and reviews in applied probability, mapping the development of ...

Colorblindness is caused by a recessive gene on the X chromosome. Since men have only one X chromosome, if a man carries the colorblindness allele (gene form), he will have the trait. Women have two X ...

The Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) introduced the measurement of problem-solving skills in the 2012 cycle. The items in this new domain employ scenario-based environments in ...