Declarative programming languages have higher levels of expressionand abstraction than most other programming paradigms. Not only does declarative programming reduce source code — it also prevents ...

Overview Python, JavaScript, SQL, and Kotlin remain essential as demand for AI, data, and web development grows.TypeScript, ...

Open-ended, community based, and collaborative, “esolangs” serve as a reminder that digital art has other histories and other futures. Matthias Lutter, “helloworld-pietbig.gif.” This is a Piet program ...

Programming languages are evolving to bring the software closer to hardware. As hardware architectures become more parallel (with the advent of multicore processors and FPGAs, for example), sequential ...

We ran a piece last year summarizing an IEEE study of programming-language popularity based on job listings. This article fostered conversation, including debates about whether the languages IEEE used ...

What are the first steps when using multiple programming languages? What are the final steps needed with applications written in multiple languages? In Part 2 of this series, MathWorks' Heather Gorr ...

Many of today’s programmers—excuse me, software engineers—consider themselves “creatives.” Artists of a sort. They are given to ostentatious personal websites with cleverly hidden Easter eggs and ...

Programming languages are like standards; the nice thing about them is that there are so many to choose from. Selecting the best programming languages for back-end, server-side applications often has ...

The 5 most obscure programming languages are truly a sight to behold. Curated by a twisted mind, an artisan of programming language design or someone so bored out of their head that they transcend the ...

Keʻalohi Wang is a freelance writer from Kailua Kona, Hawaiʻi. She has a background in content creating, social media management, and marketing for small businesses. An English Major from University ...