Continuous Variable: can take on any value between two specified values. Obtained by measuring. Covariance: a measure of the direction of the linear relationship between two variables. Discrete ...

A random variable that can take only a certain specified set of individual possible values-for example, the positive integers 1, 2, 3, . . . For example, stock prices are discrete random variables, ...

In a number of situations we are faced with the problem of determining efficient estimates of the mean and variance of a distribution specified by (i) a non-zero probability that the variable assumes ...

In this paper we introduce discrete-time semi-Markov random evolutions (DTSMREs) and study asymptotic properties, namely, averaging, diffusion approximation, and diffusion approximation with ...

This is a graduate-level course focused on techniques and models in modern discrete probability. Topics include: the first and second moment methods, Chernoff bounds and large deviations, martingales, ...

to speed up the construction of the discrete-time model by turning to Newton-type methods for solving the Schrödinger system (in the next section, we show numerically that a mixed Newton–Sinkhorn ...

Apply arithmetic mean of frequency distribution to find the expected value of a random variable The expected value of discrete random variable as summation of product of discrete random variable by ...