An open-loop cooling system, also called raw water cooling, draws water directly from the body of water the boat is floating in, whether it's saltwater or freshwater.

What “servomotor” means The term servomotor implies that the motor will be used in a high-performance control system with feedback — in other words, a closed-loop system.

Festo introduces its Controlled Pneumatics technology which features digital closed-loop control for applications ranging from welding and gripping to dispensing and pumping.

Closed-loop control systems of insulin delivery may improve glycemic outcomes in young children with type 1 diabetes. The efficacy and safety of initiating a closed-loop system virtually are unclear.