Open loop cooling systems use water to cool engines directly, while closed-loop systems use marine coolant and a heat exchanger to keep engines cool.

With open-loop therapies, insulin administration is manually controlled, while hybrid closed-loop systems automatically regulate insulin delivery.

With open-loop therapies*, insulin administration is manually controlled, while hybrid closed-loop systems* automatically regulate insulin delivery.

A key driver of this shift is the adoption of open-loop EMV contactless systems, allowing riders to tap in with their bank cards. The report shows 43% of agencies plan to implement these within five ...