At the core of every computer, smartphone, and digital device lies the transistor, a tiny but powerful component that is crucial for processing data and performing mathematical operations. But how ...

For example, a student’s total budget shouldn’t be more than $1,500 if they have a part-time job that pays $1,000 a month and get $500 from family. Easy, right? Still, it works.

For example, the algorithm could be tweaked to raise the bar for a diagnosis of cancer. There would be fewer false alarms, but patients receiving a negative result could no longer rest so easily.