Fully Explore the Relationship Between Input and Output Variables Typically, products and processes have multiple input and output variables, which we can explore via input process output analysis.

All systems can be understood using an input-process-output (IPO) model, and the system we call “innovation” is no exception. This model is likely familiar to you from information technology ...

This paper presents a general model to assess the impact of data and process quality upon the outputs of multi-user information-decision systems. The data flow/data processing quality control model is ...

Systems approach: input (sensors like thermostats), process (microcontrollers), output (actuators like heaters). Feedback ensures accuracy and stability.