In-circuit test (ICT) systems have been the leaders in using electrical means to look for structural defects in PCBs. They employ bed-of-nails fixtures to provide electrical access to as many as 7000 ...

What methods can be applied to verify PCB functionality and safety? Which are suitable for mass production and for prototypes? What parameters are checked in each test? How to check a PCB without ...

Learn about key strategies for testing a PCB design at the system and component level, including the effective deployment of test points. The importance of properly integrating test points into a PCB ...

A printed circuit board turns separate parts into a stable system that powers up, talks to peripherals, and survives real ...