The refractive index is the fundamental property of all optical materials and dictates Snell’s law, propagation speed, wavelength, diffraction, energy density, absorption and emission of light in ...

Plot a graph of sine of angle of incidence (y axis) against sine of angle of refraction. The gradient of this graph is the refractive index of the material of the semicircular block. So the ray ...

The speed of light is determined by the medium (material) through which the light is travelling. Light travels faster in a vacuum than it does in any other medium. Light changes speed as it passes ...

Light bends when travelling through a concentration gradient of sugar in water. The top layer of liquid is pure water while the bottom layer is concentrated sugar water. In these layers, there is no ...