Data from an experiment may result in a graph indicating exponential growth. This implies the formula of this growth is \(y = k{x^n}\), where \(k\) and \(n\) are constants. Using logarithms, we can ...
Abstract: This paper presents an observer with exponential error decay for systems described by bilinear input-state dynamics and output functions that are ratios of ...
Understanding the range of a function is an essential skill in mathematics, particularly when dealing with real-world problems and applications. The range represents the set of possible output values ...