Will Kenton is an expert on the economy and investing laws and regulations. He previously held senior editorial roles at Investopedia and Kapitall Wire and holds a MA in Economics from The New School ...

The expectation maximization (EM) algorithm is a popular, and often remarkably simple, method for maximum likelihood estimation in incomplete-data problems. One criticism of EM in practice is that ...

Steven Nickolas is a writer and has 10+ years of experience working as a consultant to retail and institutional investors. Portfolio variance is a measure of the dispersion of returns of a portfolio.

Beta is the 2nd letter in the Greek alphabet, and the financial world uses it to refer to the sensitivity of an asset’s price compared to a specific index or benchmark. Beta is also used as a measure ...

Download PDF More Formats on IMF eLibrary Order a Print Copy Create Citation This paper proposes a novel shrinkage estimator for high-dimensional covariance matrices by extending the Oracle ...

This is a preview. Log in through your library . Abstract Genetic potential for evolutionary change and covariational constraints are typically summarized as the genetic variance-covariance matrix G, ...

The BLOCKS statement finds a design that maximizes the determinant |X'AX| of the treatment information matrix, where A depends on the block or covariate model. Alternatively, you can directly specify ...

The estimated covariance matrix of the parameter estimates is computed as the inverse Hessian matrix, and for unconstrained problems it should be positive definite. If the final parameter estimates ...