The field of model checking has evolved into a fundamental technique for verifying the correctness of software and hardware systems. At its core, model checking systematically explores the state space ...

Semigroups of transformations and endomorphisms have emerged as powerful algebraic frameworks to elucidate the underlying structures of graphs. By harnessing the principles of semigroup theory, ...

A translation is a movement of the graph either horizontally parallel to the \(x\)-axis or vertically parallel to the \(y\)-axis. The graph of \(y = f(x)\) where \(f(x) = x^2\) is the same as the ...

The oldest mathematics journal in the Western Hemisphere in continuous publication, the American Journal of Mathematics ranks as one of the most respected and celebrated journals in its field.