KS3 Programming basics Input and output Programming is writing computer code to create a program, in order to solve a problem. To program a computer, you need to know how programs are constructed.

The program will tell the CPU how to process the input information and what form to send the output in. For example, we might use a keyboard to send some text input into the computer.

Input Redirection The ‘ <’ sign is used for the input or stdin redirection. For example, Linux’s mail program sends emails from your Linux terminal. You can type the email contents with the standard ...

Both input and output impedance are quantities that you can often look up in the datasheets of a single component, figure out yourself for a transistor amplifier circuit, or even measure yourself.