Abstract: A new three-operand modulo (2/sup p/ /spl plusmn/ 1) addition is presented, performing a carry-save addition and a two-operand modular addition based on the p-digit radix-two signed-digit ...

Montgomery algorithms represent a transformative advancement in the computation of modular arithmetic, specifically designed to bypass the costly division steps inherent in traditional methods. By ...

Abstract: Modular arithmetic calculations, such as modular addition and multiplication, are fundamental building blocks to Post-Quantum Cryptography (PQC) and Homomorphic Encryption (HE) systems.