Sampling Sampling is a statistical technique used to select a subset of data points from a larger dataset, aiming to represent the overall characteristics of the entire population. Various sampling ...

In statistical analysis, a sampling distribution examines the range of differences in results obtained from studying multiple samples from a larger population.

This paper presents the results of a limited investigation which brings into focus the difficulties encountered in developing exact distribution-free methods for stratified simple random sampling. It ...

In the testing stage, the robust RSCD based on decoupled representation is accomplished through the feature separator, decoupled prior distribution random sampling, and the CD head without posterior ...