When you try to call list ('123'), Python thinks you're trying to call your own list, not the built-in function. So, always use descriptive names that don’t clash with Python's core features.

tuple () - a function to list a sequence of values. Note: in Python, indexes start at 0, and the maximum is non-inclusive; for example, specifying the range 1 to 5 will include the second, third, ...

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An easier syntax also makes other elements easier to use in Python. This includes functions, lines of code represented by characters that run when called on.

Take advantage of caching and the lru_cache decorator to relieve your Python functions from repetitive heavy lifting.