When you compare Java vs. Python application development in terms of simplicity, conciseness, security and performance, Java comes out on top in every category.

For the first time in the history of TIOBE's index, Java has slipped out of the top two, leaving Python to occupy the spot behind reigning champion, C.

Java proponents see the language gaining traction in AI and machine learning as AI becomes incorporated into business logic.

Java has a lot going for it, but it's not the top language for data science. Java professionals may want to familiarize themselves with Python or R for data science workflows.